Study of The Influence of Relay Elements on The Erosion Process on The Basis of Gis Technology

of The Influence of Relay Elements on The Erosion Process on The Basis of Gis Technology. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 28(4)-2020. Erosion has become widespread in the local climatic conditions of Azerbaijan. From this point of view, different types of erosion (washing, erosion, deflation, etc.) can often be found in many soil types formed in the territory of the republic. It should be taken into account that as a result of erosion, the top fertile layer of the soil is washed away and as a result, the soil is deprived of the humus layer. In the presented article, the effect of relief elements on the erosion processes occurring in the lands of Gadabay region was studied on the basis of GIS technologies.


Introduction
The more eroded the soil, the more its non-eroded type, its granulometric, physical and chemical composition, water, air, thermal regime, bioecological properties, etc. will differ sharply in terms of indicators. To place the obtained information on electronic maps, it is enough to refer to the software "GIS", which is the most modern and convenient tool, which will help us to process dynamic information of any shape and size [1][2][3]. Through this program, we have the opportunity to both analyze and visualize the mechanisms of interaction of complex complexes that are closely interrelated in nature. At the same time, the system itself allows us to make a comprehensive analysis of natural and anthropogenic processes occurring in nature and in various sectors of the economy, as well as to identify global factors that contribute to these processes. One of the basic functions of the Geographic Information System is the design and construction of the database.
The first step in designing a database is to identify and refine the information we need. At this stage, the information is sorted so that it can be easily identified and entered into the database in the form of raster or vector layers. The quality of the analysis results depends on the quality of the data entered directly into the database. The main role here is played by the appropriate selection of the final information raw material. Information-bearing media that can be the final raw material are mainly field measurements, GPS coordinate data of field support points, satellite images of the area (Landsat 2, 8) and cartographic data (land maps, topographic, geological, etc.). The final data can be of different projections and sizes.
The low accuracy of the final data results in less information being obtained and a higher accuracy layer not being created. In order to avoid such a situation, it is necessary to have information about the accuracy of the base data, especially their dimensions. The next step is to enter the final data into the database and create layers on the data. The method of data entry into the system depends on the type of final data. Then comes the next step, which is the process of processing data in the database. During this process, the final data is gathered together into a single projection. In any case, it is possible to change one projection to another, as well as transform data from raster format to vector or vice versa [4].

Research Object and Methodology
The object of research was mountain-brown and mountain-black soils formed in different views of the northern slope of the northern part of the Lesser Caucasus. The degree of soil erosion at the object of study was determined on the basis of the comparative geographical methodology proposed by KA Alakbarov, and the determination of morphogenetic features by SHG Hasanov.

Analysis of Results
The high altitude and slope of the slopes create favorable con-     According to the exposition, the slope is divided into two types -cold and hot. The transitions are treated as moderately cold and moderately warm.Cold and moderately cold slopes predominate.
While landslides and denudation processes predominate on the northern slopes, the southern slopes are dominated by surface and linear erosion processes. Due to the sparse vegetation of the south-ern slopes, which are well warmed by the sun's rays, the soil layer can partially preserve its structural composition without being completely washed away by atmospheric sediments.

Result
As a result of field and chamber surveys conducted in 2014-2016, it was determined that brown mountain-forest soils are formed on slopes with an inclination of 11%, and other soils with an inclination of 11% (on a relatively smooth part of the relief).
A small part of the study area is soil resistant to leaching (hazard grade I -6.5% of the total area). Medium-grade II hazardous soils make up 11.6% of the total area, and low-grade III hazardous soils make up 9.0% of the total area.